Dna demethylation is associated with malignant progression oflower-grade gliomas.Scientific reports,9(1):1-12, 2019.

Recently,researchers extended 1-hop message passing to K-hop message passing by aggregating information fromK-hop neighbors of nodes simultaneously. However, there is no work on analyzing the expressive powerofK-hopmessagepassing.

A common approach to create more expressive GNNs is to change the message passing function of MPNNs. If a GNN is more expressive than MPNNs by adapting the message passing function, we call this non-standard message passing . Examples of this are message passing variants that operate on subgraphs [Frasca et al., 2022, Bevilacqua

It should be noted that we only made a little modification to the GraphTrans model. For NTREE, we set GA T as its basic block with a 0.2 dropout probability between layers.

Byfollowingthederivationof Theorem 4, thefollowingtheoremfor Diverse Message Passing. 5. se Message Passingin Eq. (4) actuallypartitionsgraphinto2 connected (basedoneachsimilarityisvia ., F.(14) nk2.